文献综述literature review是毕业论文里最重要的一个部分之一，且是文章的开端部分，可以说literature review写得好，老师对你文章的印象分就很高了!

第1步：介绍理论背景 (theoretical framework)

在回顾具体的文献前，需要先介绍出你的research topic下的理论背景或模型，因为这是所有literature的foundation，是最fundamental的东西!

第2️步. 介绍已有研究 (existing literature)

回顾的时候一定要做到两件事：

有重点!这里注意，虽然是literature review，但一定不是文献的堆积，要be selective!选出最和你研究课题相关的4-5篇文章重点回顾，其他的可以简略的说。

有层次!不仅单篇文章重要，文章和文章之间的相互关系更重要!所以需要你对阅读的literature进行归纳分类和比对。

例如可以把相同观点(或使用相同研究方法)的文章在一个段落介绍;

同时要突出文献之间的冲突感!因为有了冲突感才能让文献回顾显得有层次，激发读者兴趣往下读!

第3️步. 介绍research gap

已有的研究回顾完了，就该展现你的研究了。也就是我们必须要回答的why you are doing what you are doing的问题。.

现有研究存在哪些问题?

哪些还没有被研究到?

哪些文章你没有被它们的结论convince?

哪些地方你觉得需要被改进?

第4️步. 介绍当前的研究(the current study)

最后就可以很自然的引出你的study了。这里是一个overview，以及需要再次明确你的research aim.

Literature review万能句型：

【已有研究】万能句型

Recent evidence suggests that

Extensive/Previous/Prior research has shown that

Previous research has established that

A series of recent studies has indicated that

Studies over the past two decades have providedimportant information on

There is a growing body of literature thatInvestigates.

Ample evidence exists to support theview/hypothesis that

Researchers have become increasingly interested in..

is an emerging research area in the field of

【研究冲突】万能句型

The extent to which... has remained controversial

Whether and the extent to which determines the.is controversial

However the extent to which the model of...influences...has been under much debate in the field of... Some...whereas some

There appear to be discrepancies between some of the reported observations

The results on this question are mixed

Research on this issue presents conflicting findings

The literature on is less consistent

There is far less consensus as to